Prosocial Behavior and the Bystander Effect Essay - 903 Words

According to Aronson, Wilson, and Akert (2013) prosocial behavior is defined as an act performed for the benefit of another person. Altruism is referred to as the want to help another individual even if it means no benefits, or possibly a cost, for the helper (Aronson, Wilson, Akert, 2013). One particular factor, the bystander effect, has a profound impact on whether or not people help others. The bystander effect states that as the number of people who witness an emergency increases, the likelihood that any of those people will help decreases (Aronson et al., 2013). Processes associated with the bystander effect such as pluralistic ignorance, diffusion of responsibility, and victim effect all impact the likelihood of prosocial†¦show more content†¦Also, individuals think that since there are plenty of people around, someone else is bound to help. Lastly, whether or not people help is impacted by the victim effect. This often refers to whether or not the victim is identifiable or simply a statistic. According to Kogut and Ritov (2005), the emotional reaction to victims appears to be a significant source of the effect. Victims who are singular and describable, such as a young girl getting hit by a car, are likely to elicit more distress in on-lookers than a larger group of individuals, listed as a statistic that gives no real, identifiable qualities of the victims (Kogut Ritov, 2005). This concept is representative of the evolutionary and empathy-altruism approaches in prosocial behavior. People are more likely to respond prosocially to those who are most like them, such as a relative or someone of like characteristics (Aronson et al., 2013). If a victim is described in detail, it is more likely that people will identify, emphathize, and react prosocially. Social and cultural pressures, as well as beliefs about the self will influence helping behaviors. In an emergency, both informational and normative social influences are impacting whether an individual helps another. People look for queues from others in order to determine if the current situation requires action to be taken. Also, people will do things simply to be accepted by the group (Aronson et al., 2013). In anyShow MoreRelatedProsocial Behavior : Behavior And Altruism1654 Words   |  7 PagesProsocial behavior and altruism are two topics that are being studied within social psy- chology to try to understand the motivation behind humans to help those in need. Researchers have made various theories of why some people are more willing to help humans in need than other people and why people choose to help victims when they do. These theories do a great deal of explaining why exactly prosocial behavior and altruism occur when they do with regard to genetics, culture, and man y other factorsRead MoreBystander Effect Essay1637 Words   |  7 Pages Bystander or Bodyguard: An Examination of Who Helps and Who Does Not A bystander, according to Michael Webster’s New World College Dictionary, is an individual who is present in a given situation, but is not involved (Agnes, 2001). The word bystander does not always have a negative connotation, but in the case of bullying or an emergency situation, it does. In either scenario, a bystander is not helping in a time of crisis and this can have many negative outcomes. Many factors play a role in remainingRead MoreSocial Psychology Prosocial Behaviour1444 Words   |  6 Pageslikelihood that people will engage in prosocial behaviour. What is the evidence for these effects, and how might changes in our society affect the likelihood of people acting prosocially? According to Gross (2010) the term prosocial behaviour is used to describe behaviours carried out by individuals intended to benefit others, such as helping, cooperating, comforting, reassuring, defending, sharing, donating to charity and showing concern. Whether one displays prosocial behaviour can, to a certain degreeRead MoreThe Psychological Phenomenon Of The Bystander Effect1091 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle is about the psychological phenomenon. For the bystander effect in radiobiology, see Bystander effect (radiobiology). The bystander effect, or bystander apathy, is a social psychological phenomenon that refers to cases in which individuals do not offer any means of help to a victim when other people are present. The probability of help is inversely related to the number of bystanders. In other words, the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely it is that any one of them will helpRead MoreGender Roles And Their Effects On Prosocial Behavior1465 Words   |  6 Pages Gender Roles and Their Effects on Prosocial Behavior Kathleen N. Webster Salem State University â€Æ' Abstract The present study was designed to examine the effect of gender roles and prosocial behavior. More specifically, the goal was to determine which sex (male or female) would be more likely to engage in prosocial behaviors. Existing gender roles suggest that women are likely to be emotionally expressive, intuitive, and sympathetic, while men are assertive, dominant, and likely to takeRead MoreSocial Psychology Theories About The Development Of Prosocial Behavior And Altruism1520 Words   |  7 Pagesly take a longer time to receive help than if few bystanders present. However, if a person believes that someone is in need of help, then helping immediately when many bystanders are present may influence someone to join and then several others may follow (Zimbardo Sword 2015). So, taking direct action can influence prosocial behavior in others by indirectly convincing them that they too should get involved because someone else is helping. What are the primary social psychology theories aboutRead MoreMental And Physical Aspects Of Life977 Words   |  4 PagesJackoswka, Brown, Ronaldson and Steptoe (2015) clearly shows the often unnoticed part behavior plays in our lives and how it can have a strong influence on hedonic well-being and positive mood, as well as physical function. Based on evolutionary models of emotion, on average, individuals have positive moods in general based on natural selection (Diener Kanazawa, 2015). I propose that actions of prosocial behavior including personal loss for the benefit of others, will lead to greater positive emotionalRead MoreTopic Topics On Social Psychology1425 Words   |  6 Pagesin which we affect each other’s behaviors, beliefs and attitudes is defined as social psychology; it’s study can help elucidate how and why we act, think, communicate and behave the way we do. Topics included under the umbrella of social psychology include: the importance of human relationships and interactions; the impact of social influences, such as group pressures and obedience; developmental and situational considerations of prosocial and antisocial behaviors; and the relationship between ourRead MoreProsocial Behavior And Social Behavior959 Words   |  4 PagesProsocial behavior is charitable actions that are proposed to support an individual or group. Such behaviors entails: protecting, uplifting, liberating, and sharing without an expected return. Human cultu re is produced by rules governing suitable interpersonal behavior. Prosocial behavior is often time mistaken with altruism. Altruism concerns the welfare of an individual or group withholding selfishness. Furthermore, Prosocial behavior is a pattern of action, while, altruism is the drive to aidRead MoreBystanders in Situations of Bullying: Motivations for Defending a Victim 1868 Words   |  8 Pagesconcepts—causing their victims harm, possessing greater power than their victims and repetition (Oh Hazler, 2009). Bystanders play perhaps the most vital role in bullying (Oh Hazler, 2009). Bystanders can help the bully (‘assistants’ or ‘reinforcers’), remain passive and non-interceptive (‘outsiders’) or they can be ‘defenders’, which are individuals who intervene using prosocial behaviours, meaning that they voluntarily act in ways that benefit others (Oh Hazler, 2009; Thornberg, 2007). Statistics

Diversity And Diversity At Concordia University - 935 Words

We are all different; we are classified by the color of our skin, by our wealth, by our looks, and by the way we act. Diversity is having variety. Having people like who you are might make you feel included, but it also can make you feel excluded. Concordia University is such a diverse campus, we have international students to students that live a block away; from students that English was not their first language, and to students who grew up learning English. Concordia’s diversity is growing. Diversity can separate us, but as unique individuals, we are able to build connections with others. In the public, we might not be equal because of who we are but what people think of a group of people or places, it should not affect the way you think; learn or try to understand before you judged. There is a room for people who feel like they won t fit in or feel like it s hard to connect. This room is the diversity room. This room is for everybody; it might just seem likes it is for cer tain groups of students but it is for everyone. The diversity room have so many opportunities. Many different individuals come to the room. Diversity room have a vibe where you are connected, they make you feel like you matter. This room brings energy and gives to people who are having a bad day. The people you meet in there, are people who can give you many opportunities to connect with Concordia. The diversity room is a room with many great people; these people try to help their fellowShow MoreRelatedMidterm 1 Sample Multiple Choice Questions Essay1260 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY BUSINESS LAW AND ETHICS: Midterm exam Total Value: 25 Marks Date: September 30th, 2009 Instructor: Benito Aloe Time: 40 minutes Name: _____________________Signature: ___________________ID No:________ Course materials permitted: None. Concordia Academic Code of Conduct will be strictly enforced. unless otherwise indicated. Choose the most appropriate, accurate or correct answer. Answers on questionnaire will not be corrected. At the end of theRead MoreEverybody Is Born To Be A Leader, But Special Qualities1310 Words   |  6 Pagesleadership. Even when I attended services at church, I was trying not to be exposed to others around me. In other words, I was the kind of â€Å"Christian† person who was afraid to walk into a life of faith. However, in the past year, since attending Concordia University I have allowed God to change me in many ways. I have even been shown many miraculous discoveries not just within my life, but others around me. Leaders are actually made and at the same time some are sort of born. Finally, I have taken a leapRead MoreForethought Behind Procter Gamble s Organization1441 Words   |  6 PagesForethought Behind Procter Gamble’s Organization November 16, 2014 Herzing University Dorothy Dilger A mission statement specifies the present direction a firm is going, while a vision statement advocates the future course in mind. PG defines their mission and vision statement with a statement of purpose to reflect upon building products that provide a benefit, and grant prosperity for all. Almost two decades the company has progressively grown; whereas, recently, the company has developedRead MoreDesigning Visually Appealing Works For Clients1513 Words   |  7 PagesWhen I first began my studies at Concordia University I thought design, graphic design specifically, meant to create visually appealing works for clients. With this original idea in mind, I was unsatisfied as I wanted my works to be much more than something that was simply considered â€Å"attractive†. This connotation left me with one important unanswered question: how can I, as a designer, better the lives of individuals? After reflecting on who I am as a person, I realized that my values have alwaysRead Mo reSafe Spaces, Safer Spaces And Positive Spaces1710 Words   |  7 Pagesprofessor makes an announcement â€Å"there will be possibly offensive material discussed or researched in this lesson† to allow students to leave and go elsewhere during that time.[2] The safe space as explained by Ms. Katherine Byron, a senior at Brown University and a member of its Sexual Assault Task Force, says safe spaces are intended to give people who might find comments â€Å"troubling† or â€Å"triggering,† a place to recuperate. 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Toyland (Spielzeugland) Free Essays

Toyland is a drama film about guilt, responsibility, truth, and lies also, discuss the events that happen at world war and Nazi Germany a thriller that depicts the Racism between Jews and Aryan is directed by Jochen A. Freydank. Heinrich Meißners a child, six years old, and he lives with his mother, lead his love of piano to go to a Jewish family house ( the Silberstein), they are neighbors and friends to take a piano lesson with his friend David every day secretly. We will write a custom essay sample on Toyland (Spielzeugland) or any similar topic only for you Order Now Deportation order Silberstein’s family and all Jewish Family to a concentration camp are approaching. The mother is lying to her son about the Silbersteins family that they will go on the journey soon. Heinrich insists to his friend David and their family to Toyland; the mother still refused to go with them. But at the same time, Heinrich doesn’t want to let his friend go without him. By chance, Heinrich sees Mr. Silberstein tell him a secret that he would like to go with them to Toyland. At night Heinrich embraces his bag cached under quilt, his mother comes to see if he sleep or still awake she surprise by the existence of the bag, and his mother began to scare him that there were big monsters in the Toyland. In the morning, her son is found missing from his room she goes outside to be surprised that the Silbersteins family they are not in the apartment also, to begin to feel fear on her son Heinrich, begins to search for Heinrich and she asked everyone about her son. The long journey of research with her missing son; then she finds a police officer to tell him about her son, but he told her they took only the jews to the train station and she goes to the train station and believes that she will see his son. The search continues until the last moment before the train with the Silbersteins on it must leave. She encounters ridicule from Gestapo officers after she explains her situation because they think that she is Jewish, However after she shows her papers that prove that she is Aryan, they accept her story about Heinrich and assist in searching for him. When the train doors are opened, Marianne calls out to Heinrich. The crowd moves apart, and Marianne sees a boy she believes he is Heinrich hugging the Silbersteins, but instead it is David. A flashback shows that when the Silbersteins were taken away on the bus, Heinrich was not allowed to join them. Marianne recognizes that Heinrich is not with them, but – to save his life – calls out to David as though he is Heinrich. The Silbersteins let their son go with Marianne, and all continue the ruse that David is Heinrich. David returns to the Meißners home where he is lives with Heinrich until they become old together. How to cite Toyland (Spielzeugland), Papers

Childhood Ignorance, and The M... free essay sample

Childhood Ignorance, and The Mother of Stone.Theres a lot of ugly things in this world, son. I wish I could keep em all away from you. Thats never possible. -Harper Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird   Ã‚  Ã‚  My mother nearly died during childbirth with me, giving birth three months early through an emergency c-section. She had a stroke and got terribly ill during pregnancy. I spent my first three months of life in the NICU in the Childrens Hospital, desperately grasping for life, slowly gaining my health enough so I could leave the hospital. After my mom had me, the doctors had told my mom she was to be done bearing children. They also said if she were to have another kid, she was putting her own life at risk and that she could die.. When my mother found out she was pregnant, with my younger brother, she panicked. She was terrified of what the doctor would have to say. My brother was conceived   because of a botched vasectomy on my dads part. Once the doctors told my mother everything was going to be ok, if she were to follow what they say,   she was a little more relieved and followed through with her pregnancy. All I could remember was her going to doctors, and coming home a few days later with Alexander my new baby brother. I   watched the front door open. My mother was completely drained and weak, and you could see it in her eyes. In my mothers arms, I saw my new little brother. My three older sisters, and two older brothers and I ogled my new younger brother all night, with his squishy little face, and small petite frame from being born prematurely.   My father decided the following day he wanted to take the family out to a restaurant to have a day with us, but he said he didnt know when, just soon.   Ã‚  The next week or so I was super excited, and being three at the time, everything was an adventure.   We were going to a fancy restaurant all together as a family, to a three-year-old anything thats not McDonalds is fancy. We all get into my dads enormous, yellow suburban and we drove into town. When we get there I see a huge sign on top of a building.   I couldnt read at the time, but I remember it being large and glowing in red. My mom told me it said, Red Robin. As a young kid, I was extremely excited to go inside this new colorful place. After eating for a bit my mom needed to use the restroom, so she took me and my new brother into the restroom with her to wash us up a bit, and to change Alexander. My mom was changing Zanders diaper, and before she knew it, I ran out of the stall. I was crawling on the floor in the restaurants bathroom.   She quickly tried to button up my brothers snap in the crotch, rushing to try and get me off the filthy floor, but I had already shoved my hands in my mouth. She helped me wash my hands and clean me up some. But even with all her efforts to clean me up, within the next twenty-four hours, I was horribly ill. I was so confused about what had happened.   I remember having the best time at the amazing new restaurant, but when I woke up at three in the morning, I felt so horrible and   I couldnt keep it in. I ran for the restroom but fell short and vomited all over my moms room.   She heard and ran to help me. She put me in the bathtub, so I wouldnt vomit everywhere. She thought it was food poisoning from the restaurant at first until it didnt stop. My mom started crying as I barfed into the bathtub. I was barfing nonstop, and diaper after diaper.   I couldnt keep anything in. Two days into it, I was rushed into the hospital. A huge needle was shoved into my arm and I didnt like that.   I thought I was already going through enough but now the doctors wanna shove this thing into me? I tried to pull it out but the doctors apparently didnt like that either.   I saw my moms eyes swell with tears once the doctors said I tested positive for Rotavirus. My mom was told that Rotavirus is an infection usually starts within two days of exposure to the virus. Initial symptoms are a fever and vomiting, followed by three to seven days of diarrhea and continues vomiting. The infection can cause abdominal pain as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was in the hospital for about a week, but the days felt longer.   Fluids being pumped into me along with medication, I ended up losing a total of eight pounds from barfing everything up for that time.   Being only three at the time that was a lot of weight to lose.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I   was crying nonstop, and everything hurt. If I wasnt vomiting, I was trying to calm down. My mother was there for me the whole time, even with my brother being so new. Being so small and losing so much weight, I didnt know what was going to happen to me. I thought I was going to die. I was petrified, and so were my parents. After a few days of medicine and fluids being pumped into me, I was starting to show signs of recovery. I wasnt barfing by the sixth day and the doctors decided I was ok to go home. I was so glad to be home. My mother put me to bed with large fluffy blankets and gave me a ton of apple juice to keep me hydrated. I was starting to feel better but I was definitely drained and weak from losing so much of my body weight. My mother, as I think back now, was such an empowering woman for being strong through all these hardships. Especially right after giving birth to my brother.   When we are young, we really dont think that anything will happen to us.   Our parents try to protect us, especially when we are inexperienced in the world and in what pain and real fears are, but my mother couldnt protect me from this. She couldnt keep the bad guys away when she couldnt even see them. I learned more from this looking back at it rather than when I was young and experienced it. My mother and father were there for me the entire time, and I greatly appreciate that now. They were strong when I couldnt be, facing the fear of death possibly being right behind me.   Even though they had their jobs, their lives, and the rest of my family to take care of. They still managed to keep a balance of it all. I see my mom as a superhero for all shes done for my family and me, and especially after what happened when I was three, plus all the things shes done from then to now. My father was definitely a great man and tried his hardest to help my mom and my family; but my mother, I thank her, for staying strong. My mom   is the strongest woman Ive met. She is my rock, staying strong even when she has the right to crumble. My mother has had the greatest impact on my life, she is my happiness. Her heart and determination and love for her family is something I can only hope to achieve in my life.